The Influence of Players Contracts in Sport and Economic Performance of Brazilian Football Clubs

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14392/asaa.2023160310

Keywords:

Brazilian Football Clubs, Financial Performance, Sport Performance, Intangible Assets

Abstract

Objective: This study analyzes the influence of the representativeness of players’ contracts on financial and sports performance in Brazilian football clubs.

Method: Based on the 2020 Brazilian Football Confederation rank, our sample comprises 29 teams covering the 2011-2021 period. We use the players' contracts registered in the intangible assets as our primary independent variable. We also subdivided this value into professional and young players.

Results and Discussion: Results suggest that most big clubs invest more in professional players while small clubs in young players. Moreover, a higher investment proportion in players' contracts influences financial and sportive performance. This is mostly confirmed by the investment in professional players, whereas the investment in developing young players could not be confirmed.

Contributions: Intangible assets play an important role in the overall success of football clubs, not only from a financial perspective but also in terms of their sporting achievements. This comprehensive study seeks to provide evidence that sheds light on the distinctive relationship between players' contracts and the subsequent impact on both the sporting and financial performance of Brazilian football clubs. Furthermore, it is worth noting that in Brazil, clubs have the unique advantage of being able to capitalize on costs associated with the development of young players, which is a distinctive setting to analyze.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Acero, I., Serrano, R., & Dimitropoulos, P. (2017). Ownership structure and financial performance in European football. Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society, 17(3), 511–523. https://doi.org/10.1108/CG-07-2016-0146

Alaminos, D., & Fernández, M. Á. (2019). Why do football clubs fail financially? A financial distress prediction model for the European professional football industry. PLOS ONE, 14(12), e0225989. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225989

Amir, E., & Livne, G. (2000). Accounting for Human Capital When Labor Mobility is Restricted. SSRN Electronic Journal, January, 43. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.202328

Amir, E., & Livne, G. (2005). Accounting, Valuation, and Duration of Football Player Contracts. Journal of Business Finance and Accounting, 32(3–4), 549–586. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0306-686X.2005.00604.x

Baptista, J., & Leitao, J. (2018). Intellectual Capital Assets and Brand Value of English Football Clubs. International Journal of Sport Management and Marketing, 1(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSMM.2018.10012990

Barabanov, R., & Nakamura, W. T. (2019). O intangível nos clubes brasileiros: Uma análise dos gastos com jogadores nas demonstrações contábeis. 119–133.

Barajas, Á., Fernández-Jardón, C. M., & Crolley, L. (2005). Does Sports Performance Influence Revenues and Economic Results in Spanish Football? SSRN Electronic Journal, 3234. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.986365

Bates, D., Mächler, M., Bolker, B., & Walker, S. (2015). Fitting Linear Mixed-Effects Models Using lme4. Journal of Statistical Software, 67(1). https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v067.i01

Campa, D. (2021). Exploring the Market of Soccer Player Registrations: An Empirical Analysis of the Difference Between Transfer Fees and Estimated Players’ Inherent Value. Journal of Sports Economics, 152700252110595. https://doi.org/10.1177/15270025211059527

CFC. (2018). ITG 2003 (R1).

Cordery, C., Sim, D., & Baskerville, R. (2018). Financial vulnerability in football clubs: Learning from resource dependency and club theories. 24(1), 22.

Dantas, M. G. da S., Freitas, R. M. de, Costa, M. A. A. da, & Barbosa, A. (2017). The determinants of Brazilian football clubs’ debt ratios. Brazilian Business Review, Special Issues, 94–109. https://doi.org/10.15728/edicaoesp.2017.5

Dantas, M. G. da S., Machado, M. A. V., & Macedo, M. A. D. S. (2015). Fatores determinantes da eficiência financeira e esportiva de clubes de futebol do Brasil. Advances in Scientific and Applied Accounting, 8(1), 113–132. https://doi.org/10.14392/asaa.2015080106

Dimitropoulos, P. E., & Limperopoulos, V. (2014). Player contracts, athletic and financial performance of the Greek football clubs. Global Business and Economics Review, 16(2), 123. https://doi.org/10.1504/GBER.2014.060181

Dobson, S., & Goddard, J. (2004). Revenue divergence and competitive balance in a divisional sports league. In Scottish Journal of Political Economy (Vol. 51, Issue 3, pp. 359–376). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0036-9292.2004.00310.x

Freitas, M., Flach, L., & Farias, R. (2017). Efficiency Determinants in Brazilian Football Clubs. Brazilian Business Review, especial(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.15728/edicaoesp.2017.1

Gomes, R. M., Gomes, R. C., & Lisboa, E. (2022). From amateurism to professionalism: Legislation changes transforming Brazilian football. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal. https://doi.org/10.1108/AAAJ-06-2022-5834

Guzmán, I., & Morrow, S. (2007). Measuring efficiency and productivity in professional football teams: Evidence from the English Premier League. Central European Journal of Operations Research, 15(4), 309–328. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10100-007-0034-y

Hair, J. F., Jr., & Fávero, L. P. (2019). Multilevel modeling for longitudinal data: Concepts and applications. RAUSP Management Journal, 54(4), 459–489. https://doi.org/10.1108/RAUSP-04-2019-0059

Hall, S., Szymanski, S., & Zimbalist, A. S. (2002). Testing Causality Between Team Performance and Payroll. Journal of Sports Economics, 3(2), 149–168. https://doi.org/10.1177/152700250200300204

Holanda, A. P., Meneses, A. F. de, Mapurunga, P. V. R., Luca, M. M. M. D., & Coelho, A. C. D. (2012). Determinantes Do Nível De Disclosure Em Clubes Brasileiros De Futebol. Revista de Contabilidade do Mestrado em Ciências Contábeis da UERJ, 17(1), 2–17.

IASB. (2021). IAS 38 Intangible Assets. International accounting standards. https://www.ifrs.org/issued-standards/list-of-standards/ias-38-intangible-assets/

Kern, M., & Süssmuth, B. (2005). Managerial Efficiency in German Top League Soccer: An Econometric Analysis of Club Performances On and Off the Pitch. German Economic Review, 6(4), 485–506. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0475.2005.00143.x

Kesenne, S. (2000). Revenue Sharing and Competitive Balance in Professional Team Sports. Journal of Sports Economics, 1(1), 56–65. https://doi.org/10.1177/152700250000100105

Krauspenhar, J. H., & Rover, S. (2022). O TESTE DE IMPAIRMENT MENTE? O CASO DOS ATLETAS DOS CLUBES DE FUTEBOL BRASILEIROS. Contabilidade Vista & Revista, 33(2), 183–208. https://doi.org/10.22561/cvr.v33i2.7187

Krauspenhar, J. H., & Rover, S. (2020). Relação Entre o Desempenho Esportivo dos Clubes de Futebol Brasileiros e seu Ativo Intangível Consistente em Atletas. XX USP International Conference in Accounting.

Leach, S., & Szymanski, S. (2015). Making Money Out of Football. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 62(1), 25–50. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjpe.12065

Marotz, D. P., Marquezan, L. H. F., & Diehl, C. A. (2020). Clubes de futebol: Relações entre investimento, desempenho e adesão ao PROFUT. Revista Contemporânea de Contabilidade, 17(43), 3–18. https://doi.org/10.5007/2175-8069.2020v17n43p3

Maroun, W., van Zijl, W., Chesaina, R., & Garnett, R. (2022). The Beautiful Game: Fair Value, Accountability and Accounting for Player Registrations. Australian Accounting Review, January, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1111/auar.12368

Minatto, F., & Borba, J. A. (2021). Insolvency in Brazilian Football Clubs: Proposition of Models Based on Neural Networks. Brazilian Business Review, 18(6), 624–642. https://doi.org/10.15728/bbr.2021.18.6.2

Mnzava, B. (2013). Do intangible investments matter? Evidence from soccer corporations. Sport, Business, and Management: An International Journal, 3(2), 158–168. https://doi.org/10.1108/20426781311325087

Mourão, P. J. R. (2010). Regional Determinants of Competitiveness: The Case of European Soccer Teams.

Nakamura, W. T., & Cerqueira, S. de A. (2021). The New Era of Brazilian Football and Clubs Managed as a Business. Revista de Administração Contemporânea, 25(4), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-7849rac2021210055.en

Oliveira, M. C. de, & Borba, J. A. (2021). Liabilities and contingencies of Brazilian football clubs. Contextus – Revista Contemporânea de Economia e Gestão, 19, 330–344. https://doi.org/10.19094/contextus.2021.71172

Pacheco, L. M. (2022). The capital structure of Iberian football clubs: Does sports performance matter? International Journal of Sport Management and Marketing, 22(5/6), 336. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSMM.2022.10053761

Plumley, D., Ramchandani, G., & Wilson, R. (2018). Mind the Gap: An analysis of competitive balance in the English Football League system. International Journal of Sport Management and Marketing, 18(5), 357–375. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSMM.2018.094344

R. (2021). R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing [Software]. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. https://www.r-project.org/

Raudenbush, S. W., & Byrk, A. S. (2002). Hierarchical Linear Models: Applications and data analysis methods. Sage Publications.

Rowbottom, N. (2002). The application of intangible asset accounting and discrecionary policy choices in the UK football industry. The British Accounting Review, 34(4), 335–355. https://doi.org/10.1006/bare.2002.0215

Sánchez, L. C., Barajas, Á., & Sanchez-Fernandez, P. (2020). Profits may lead teams to lose matches, but scoring goals does not lead to profit. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 26(1), 26–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iedeen.2019.12.007

Scafarto, V., & Dimitropoulos, P. (2018). Human capital and financial performance in professional football: The role of governance mechanisms. Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society, 18(2), 289–316. https://doi.org/10.1108/CG-05-2017-0096

Serra, R. G., & Fávero, L. P. L. (2018). Multiples’ Valuation: The Selection of Cross-Border Comparable Firms. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 54(9), 1973–1992. https://doi.org/10.1080/1540496X.2017.1336084

Silva, E. E. D., Santos, A. A. D., Silveira, M. A. P. D., & Mourão, P. J. R. (2020). Eficiência Financeira, Atores e Interações: Um Estudo do Fluxo de Jogadores entre Clubes e as Equipes Semifinalistas de São Paulo em 2017. Internext, 15(1), 88–103. https://doi.org/10.18568/internext.v15i1.538

Sloane, P. J. (1971). The economics of professional football: The football club as a utility maximiser. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 18(2), 121–146. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9485.1971.tb00979.x

Szymanski, S. (2017). Entry into exit: Insolvency in English professional football. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 64(4), 419–444. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjpe.12134

Szymanski, S., & Smith, R. (1997). The English Football Industry: Profit, performance and industrial structure. International Review of Applied Economics, 11(1), 135–153. https://doi.org/10.1080/02692179700000008

Published

2023-11-20

How to Cite

Minatto, F., Alonso Borba, J., & Alberto Barbetta, P. (2023). The Influence of Players Contracts in Sport and Economic Performance of Brazilian Football Clubs. Advances in Scientific and Applied Accounting, 16(3), 219–231/232. https://doi.org/10.14392/asaa.2023160310